Manual Testing is a type of software testing in which test cases are executed manually by a tester without using automated tools. The purpose of Manual Testing is to identify the bugs, issues, and defects in the software application.
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Manual software testing helps to find critical bugs in the software application. The keyconcept of manual testing is to ensure that the application is error-free and it isworking in conformance with the specified functional requirements.
Test Suites and Cases, are designed during the testing phase and should have 100% test coverage. It also makes sure that reported defects are fixed by developers andre-testing has been performed by testers on the fixed defects. Basically, this testingchecks the quality of the system and delivers bug-free products to the customer.
Now that various data on the software to be tested has been gathered and internalized, the next step is to consolidate and prioritize the information into usable components ready for use in creating test cases and test scenarios. The types of testing to perform, the scope of testing, and the time available must also be considered.
The aim at this point is for QA to understand the software thoroughly, so sharing and discussing the state of play with different stakeholders can help to reveal untapped sources of data or use lines of inquiry. Having a visual snapshot of the software testing project that shows the full extent and minutiae of the situation can make the job of comprehension much easier for all involved.
Across business in general, and increasingly so in software testing, mind maps are being used for creating basic route maps and reminders for this purpose. When trying to get to grips with overwhelm in everyday life, commonly heard advice is to write it all down. Mind maps are a more structured way of doing precisely this.
For team leaders, mind maps can be valuable for sharing the overview with the team, who can also regularly update their testing status there as the project progresses. Mind maps do not replace proper test documentation and test status updates, but rather serve as a lightweight notebook to help with test planning and accountability.
Because manual testing simulates the end-user experience, testing in a dedicated and well-set-up testing environment standardizes the product’s performance under lab conditions. It supports the discovery of bugs for rectification before the product is released. Once the requirements are understood, and a basic framework of how to proceed is taking shape, the test environment can be prepared.
By setting up well in advance, enough time can be factored in for obtaining and setting up manual testing tools, hardware, and other subsidiary materials and assets needed for the test runs. Planning also includes appointing those who need to be involved, making sure they have been notified, and that they calendarizing the necessary time. Having everything in place and available at the start of testing in this way reduces the possibility of delays because of missing items or people.
Following the analysis of requirements and user stories, understanding what and how to test will become clear. For projects that adhere to process, documentation is necessary, which usually includes writing test cases.
When test planning starts and documents have been shared with the team, testers review the specification documents in detail, gather in-depth knowledge about the scope of testing, and then create high-level test scenarios and detailed level test cases. Test cases provide instructional information on how and what to test, which data to use, and the expected output.
The pivotal activity in software testing is test execution. In manual testing, each test case is performed by one or more people who take action based on the instructions laid out in the test cases. The tester focuses on achieving the stated objective while noting any deviation between the expected and actual.
Anything noticed that does not conform to the requirements will be recorded as a bug in the report, to be conveyed to the developers and the test case status for this item marked as fail.
Every failed test will be associated with a defect. The purpose of testing is not limited to identifying and reporting found defects, but also to ensure that all reported problems have been acknowledged, fixed, and then retested for confirmation.
Once the developers have returned a fixed issue, it is the tester’s responsibility to retest the reported defect to confirm the fix so the ticket can be legitimately marked as closed. Testers are accountable for verifying any fixes, so once a returned defect is proven to have been fixed, it is the tester’s responsibility to update the status of the test cases. Before a test team can sign off the product under test, all the test cases must be marked as passed.
A system is tested before launch so all parties can learn about the overall quality of the product. The manual testing process concludes with the delivery of a test report to all shareholders. Before testing can be signed off, the results go through a feedback and recommendations process, which starts with testers self-checking their work for errors. It is advisable then for each tester to submit their work for peer and team leader review before all the results are consolidated into a test summary document.
At this point, the team may make recommendations on any areas for improvement if needed.
The test report should contain all information about the testing status of the product tested, along with different testing metrics, a list of the areas tested, a mention of any areas out of scope, and the non-testable items. The test report is then delivered to the Business Analyst (BA), and based on their understanding of the product from the customer’s viewpoint, they may offer feedback and make recommendations for how the testing or product could be improved.
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